The Detroit Red Wings selected Raymond, a forward from Gothenburg, Sweden, with the No. 4 pick in the 2020 NHL Draft after he impressed scouts during his first full season with Frolunda of the Swedish Hockey League. He scored 10 points (four goals, six assists) in 33 games as a 17-year-old playing in Sweden's top league.

Raymond made his SHL debut with Frolunda at age 16 on Oct. 4, 2018 and was three months shy of his 17th birthday when he scored his first SHL goal for Frolunda on Dec. 28, 2018.

Against players his own age, he scored 14 points (three goals, 11 assists) in nine games with Frolunda's Under-20 team in the SuperElit league and four points (two goals, two assists) in seven games to help Sweden finish third at the 2020 IIHF World Junior Championships.

Raymond earned his way onto the Red Wings roster opening night roster in October 2021 with a standout NHL prospect tournament and training camp in Traverse City. He had an assist in his NHL debut against the Tampa Bay Lightning on Oct. 14 and was named the NHL Rookie of the Month for November, one month after his teammate, defenseman Moritz Seider, won the honor for October. Raymond scored 12 points (five goals, seven assists) in 14 November games, averaging 17:34 of ice time.

In a 6-3 win against the Chicago Blackhawks on Oct. 24, Raymond scored his first NHL hat trick and became the second teenager to get one in Red Wings history, joining Steve Yzerman, who did it twice (Dec. 23, 1983, and March 30, 1985). The same game, he also became the third Red Wings teenager with a four-point game, joining Yzerman (Dec. 23, 1983) and Gordie Howe (Dec. 17, 1947).

Raymond signed an eight-year, $64.6 million contract with the Red Wings on Sept. 17, 2024, after scoring 31 goals with 41 assists and a team-high 72 points, and he was tied for second on Detroit in takeaways (48) behind Alex DeBrincat (49). He finished the Olympic Winter Games Milano Cortina 2026 second in assists (eight) and third in points (nine) in five games for seventh-place Team Sweden. Raymond set a Sweden record in assists in an Olympics with NHL participation, passing Peter Forsberg's six at the 2006 Torino Games, and tied Mats Sundin (Salt Lake City, 2002) for second most points behind Daniel Alfredsson (10 in 2006).